In this paper, we want to analyse the level of disadvantage that comes from the island condition and the tools for its equalisation. We will refer in particular to the situation of Sardinia, the third largest region in Italy and the island furthest from its mainland in the Mediterranean Sea. However, the disadvantages resulting from the island status can be extended mutatis mutandis to all islands because they derive first and foremost from the insularity status. We will try to tackle the problems associated with insularity through a multidisciplinary approach: First, we identify and analyse the issues at stake from an economic point of view, then we try to contextualise them from a legal point of view, including a multilevel governance perspective. In the last para- graph, we will propose possible solutions for the mitigation of the disadvantages of islands.